Namibia

Namibia is a country in southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean, bordering Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east, and South Africa to the south and east. It does not border Zimbabwe, but is less than 200 meters (660 feet) from the right bank of Botswana on the Zambezi River, separating the two countries. Namibia became independent of South Africa on March 21, 1990, after the Namibian War of Independence. The largest city in the capital is Windhoek. Namibia is a member of the United Nations (UN), Southern African Development Community (SADC), African Union (AU), and Commonwealth of Nations.

Namibia, the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa, has been inhabited by the people of San, Damara and Nama since prehistoric times. Around the 14th century, the immigrant Bantu arrived as part of the expansion of the Bantu. Since then, the largest Ovambo tribe, the Bantu tribe, has dominated the country's population. They have been the majority since the late 19th century.

In 1878, the then British colony Cape of Good Hope was annexed to the port of Walvis Bay and off the Penguin Islands. These became an integral part of the new Union of South Africa when it was founded in 1910. In 1884 the German Empire ruled most of the territory and formed a colony known as German South West Africa. It has developed agriculture and infrastructure. Between 1904 and 1908 it carried out a genocide against the people of Herero and Nama. German rule ended in 1915 with the defeat of South African troops. In 1920, after the end of World War I, the League of Nations mandated the control of colonies in South Africa. As a force, South Africa has imposed legislation, including racial classification and rules. From 1948, the Kuomintang came into power, which included South Africa applying apartheid to what was then known as South West Africa.

In the second half of the 20th century, rebellion by indigenous African political activists and demands of political representatives led to the United Nations taking direct responsibility for its territory in 1966, but South Africa maintained de facto control. Did. In 1973, the United Nations approved the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) as the official representative of the Namibian people. The party is dominated by a large number of Ovambo tribes within the territory. After a series of guerrilla warfare, South Africa established an interim government in Namibia in 1985. Namibia became completely independent of South Africa in 1990. However, Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands were under South African control until 1994.

Namibia has a population of 2.55 million and is a stable multi-party parliamentary democracy. Agriculture, tourism and mining (including the mining of gem diamonds, uranium, gold, silver and base metals) form the basis of the economy, but the manufacturing industry is relatively small. The large, dry Namib Desert, which gave the country its name, makes Namibia one of the least populated countries in the world.