Malawi

Malawi is a landlocked country in Southeast Africa, formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast, and Mozambique to the east, south and southwest. Malawi covers an area of ​​over 118,484 km2 (45,747 sq mi) and has a population of 19,431,566 from Lilongwe. The second largest city is Blantyre, the third is Mzuzu, and the fourth is the former capital of Zomba. The name Malawi comes from Marawi, the old name for the Chewa people inhabiting the area. The country was nicknamed "the warm heart of Africa" ​​because of the friendliness of its inhabitants. [eleven]

The part of Africa now known as Malawi was inhabited around the 10th century as a result of the migration of Bantu groups. Centuries later, in 1891, the area was colonized by the British and became a protectorate of the United Kingdom known as Nyasaland. In 1953, it became a protectorate within the semi-independent Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The federation was disbanded in 1963. In 1964, the protectorate was ended: Nyasaland became an independent country under Queen Elizabeth II and was renamed Malawi. Two years later, it became a republic. It gained complete independence from the United Kingdom and by 1970 had become a totalitarian one-party state under the chairmanship of Hastings Banda, who remained in that role until 1994. Today Malawi has a democratic multi-party republic led by an elected president. Lazarus Chakvera of the Malawi Congress Party led the Tonse Alliance group of nine political parties and won the court-sanctioned repeat presidential election on June 23, 2020 after the May 2019 presidential election was canceled due to massive electoral irregularities. The country's armed forces, the Malawi Defense Force, include the army, navy and air wing. Malawi's foreign policy is pro-Western. He maintains positive diplomatic relations with most countries and participates in several international organizations, including the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the African Union. Union (Australia).

Malawi is one of the least developed countries in the world. The economy is largely based on agriculture and is home to a predominantly rural and rapidly growing population. The Malawi government is heavily dependent on external assistance to meet its development needs, although the amount required (and the assistance offered) has decreased since 2000. The Malawi government is facing challenges in its efforts to build and expand its economy, improve education, health and the environment, and achieve financial independence, despite widespread unemployment. Since 2005, Malawi has developed several programs to address these challenges, and the country's outlook appears to be improving, with key indicators of progress in the economy, education and health observed in 2007 and 2008.

Malawi has low life expectancy and high infant mortality. HIV / AIDS is widespread, reducing the workforce and requiring increased government spending. The country has a diverse population that includes indigenous peoples, Asians and Europeans. Several languages ​​are spoken here and there are many religious beliefs. Although there has been intermittent regional conflict in the past, fueled in part by ethnic divisions, by 2008 this internal conflict has diminished significantly and the idea of ​​identifying with one’s Malawian nationality has revived.