Ireland

Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblachtnah Éireann), is a country in Northwestern Europe, consisting of 26 of the 32 counties on the island of Ireland. The largest city in the capital is Dublin on the eastern side of the island. About 40% of the country's population of 5 million lives in the Greater Dublin Area. The sovereign state shares the only border with Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. Surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean otherwise, it is the Celtic Sea to the south, St. George's Channel to the southeast, and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a single parliamentary republic. The legislature Oireachtas is made up of Dáil Éireann in the House of Representatives, Seanad Éireann in the Senate, and an elected president (Uachtarán) who primarily serves as the ceremonial head of state, but has some important powers and obligations. .. The head of government is Taoiseach (Prime Minister, literally "chief", a title not used in English) elected by Dáil and appointed by the President. The prime minister, in turn, appoints other government ministers.

The Irish Free State was founded in 1922 as a dominion, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty. A new constitution was adopted in 1937, the state was named "Ireland" and became a de facto republic, with the election of a non-executive president. It was officially declared a republic in 1949 in accordance with the Republic of Ireland Act of 1948. Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. In 1973, it joined the European Community (EC), the predecessor of the European Union. For most of the 20th century, there was no formal relationship with Northern Ireland, but in the 1980s and 1990s, the British and Irish governments worked with Northern Ireland parties to resolve the "trouble." Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, the Government of Ireland and the Northern Ireland Executive have cooperated in many policy areas under the North-South Ministerial Council created by the agreement.

One of Europe's major financial hubs is centered around Dublin. Ireland ranks among the top 10 wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita, but this is partly due to the distortions caused by tax reversal practices of various multinationals operating in Ireland. Is due to. Beginning in 2017, the revised Gross National Income (GNI *) has been enacted by the Central Bank of Ireland. This is because the standard deviation was so distorted that it was considered unable to accurately measure or represent the Irish economy. After joining the EC, the national government enacted a series of liberal economic policies, resulting in economic growth known as the Celtic Tiger era between 1995 and 2007.

Ireland, a developed country, has performed well in several countries' performance indicators, including medical, financial and press freedom. Ireland is a member state of the European Union and a founding member of the Council of Europe and the OECD. The Government of Ireland has adopted a non-aligned military neutrality policy since just before World War II, and as a result, is not a member of NATO, despite being a member of the Partnership for Peace and aspects of PESCO. ..