Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It spans 93,030 square kilometers (35,920 square miles) of the Carpatia Basin, bordering Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the southwest. West. Hungary has a population of 10 million, most of whom are Hungarian and a minority of Roma. The official language, Hungarian, is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world and one of the few non-Indo-European languages ​​widely spoken in Europe. Budapest is the capital and largest city of the country. Other major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Jer.

Today's Hungarian territory has been at the crossroads of many centuries, including Celts, Romans, Germanic, Huns, West Slavs, and Avars. The foundation of the Hungarian state was established in the second half of the 9th century AD by the conquest of the Pannonian Basin by the Grand Duke of Hungary, Arpád. His great-grandson Stephen I took the throne in 1000 and transformed his territory into a Christian kingdom. By the 12th century, Hungary had become a regional power and reached cultural and political heights in the 15th century. After the Battle of Mohacs in 1526, it was partially occupied by the Ottoman Empire (1541-169). Hungary came under the control of the Habsburgs at the turn of the 18th century and later joined the Austrian Empire to form the Austro-Hungarian Empire, a great power in the early 20th century.

Austro-Hungary collapsed after World War I, and the Treaty of Trianon established the current border of Hungary, resulting in the loss of 71% of Hungary's territory, 58% of its population and 32% of Hungarians. I did. After a turbulent interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis powers in World War II, causing serious damage and casualties. Postwar Hungary became a satellite state of the Soviet Union, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of Hungary. After the failure of the 1956 revolution, Hungary became relatively free, but still oppressive and a member of the Eastern Bloc. The removal of Hungary's border barrier with Austria accelerated the collapse of the eastern nations and the subsequent Soviet Union. On October 23, 1989, Hungary became a democratic parliamentary republic. Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and has been a member of the Schengen Agreement since 2007.

Hungary is the middle power of international affairs, mainly because of its cultural and economic influence. Recognized as a developed country in a high-income economy, it ranks "very high" in the Human Development Index, and its citizens enjoy universal health insurance and free secondary education. Hungary has a long history of significant contributions to the arts, music, literature, sports, science and technology. It is the 13th most popular tourist destination in Europe and will be visited by 15.8 million international tourists in 2017. He is a member of many international organizations such as the United Nations, NATO, WTO, World Bank, IIB, AIIB and Council of Europe. , And the Visegrád group.