Burundi

Burundi is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley where the African Great Lakes region and East Africa share. It borders Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and southeast, and the Democratic Republic of Congo to the west; Lake Tanganyika is located on its southern border. The major cities are Gitega and Bujumbura, which are also the largest cities.

The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years. For more than 200 years, Burundi was an independent country, until the beginning of the 20th century, when Germany ruled the region. After the First World War and the defeat of Germany, the League of Nations "controlled" territory for Belgium. After World War II it was transferred to the United Nations Trust Territory. Both Germans and Belgians ruled over Burundi and Rwanda as a European nation called Ruanda-Urundi. Burundi and Rwanda were never under a rule until the time of the European invasion of Africa.

Burundi gained independence in 1962 and began to have a monarchy, but many massacres, protests and climate conflicts in the region culminated in the creation of a republican and one-party states in 1966. Bouts of ethnic cleansing and finally two civil wars and massacres in the 1970s and again in the 1990s left hundreds of thousands dead and displaced business without construction and population as one of the poorest in the world. The presidents of Rwanda and Burundi, both Hutus, died together when their plane was shot down in April 1994. The year 2015 saw a major controversy when President Pierre Nkurunziza Elected to run for a third term in office, the protests failed and the country's national and international elections and elections were criticized by members of the international community.

The sovereign state of Burundi is politically representative of the presidency as well as several states. The President of Burundi is the head of state and the head of government. There are currently 21 registered groups in Burundi. On 13 March 1992, Tutsi coup leader Pierre Buyoya enacted a law, which provided for a multi-party political system and interfered with the multi-party system. Six years later, on June 6, 1998, the law was amended, extending the National Assembly seats and making rules for two presidents. Because of the Arusha Accord, Burundi announced a change of government in 2000. In October 2016, Burundi notified the UN of its intention to withdraw from the International Court of Justice.