Brunei

Brunei is a country located on the north coast of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Except for the coast of the South China Sea, it is completely surrounded by the state of Sarawak, Malaysia. It is divided into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state entirely in Borneo. The rest of the island is divided into Malaysia and Indonesia. As of 2020, its population is 460,345, of which about 100,000 live in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital's largest city. The government is an absolute monarchy governed by its sultan, entitled Jan di Perchuan, and implements a combination of British common law and Shari'a law, as well as general Islamic practices.

At the peak of the Bruneian Empire, Sultan Borkia (reigned between 1485 and 1528) is said to have dominated most parts of Borneo, including modern-day Sarawak and Sabah, the Sultan Islands at the northeastern tip of Borneo. The islands at the northwestern tip of Borneo. Claims also state that they ruled Seldon (or the Kingdom of Manila where the modern Philippine capital Manila currently stands), but Southeast Asian scholars believe this refers to the settlement of Mount Cerlon in Indonesia. I am. Brunei's maritime nation was visited by the Spanish Magellan Expedition in 1521, and fought against Spain in the Castilian War of 1578.

During the 19th century, the Bruneian Empire began to decline. The Sultan handed over Sarawak (Kuching) to James Brooke, set him up as a white Raja, and handed mackerel to the North Borneo Chartered Company in England. In 1888 Brunei became a British protectorate and was appointed as a British resident in 1906 as a colonial ruler. After the occupation of Japan during World War II, a new constitution was enacted in 1959. In 1962, a small armed rebellion against the monarchy ended with the help of British troops.

Brunei gained independence from England on January 1, 1984. Economic growth in the 1990s and 2000s turned Brunei into an industrialized country with a 56% increase in GDP between 1999 and 2008. We have built wealth from vast oil and gas fields. Brunei has the second highest Human Development Index among Southeast Asian countries after Singapore and is classified as a developed country. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Brunei ranks fifth in the world in terms of purchasing power parity and per capita gross domestic product. The IMF estimated in 2011 that Brunei is one of two countries (the other is Libya) and has a public debt of 0% of the country's GDP.